Q2.The persisting drives of the government for development of large industries in backward areas have resulted in isolating the tribal population and the farmers who face multiple displacements. With Malkangiri and Naxalbari foci, discuss the corrective strategies needed to win the Left Wing Extremism (LWE) doctrine that affected citizens back into the mainstream of social and economic growth.

The government's drive for large industries in backward areas, exemplified by Malkangiri and Naxalbari, has often led to tribal and farmer displacement, fueling Left Wing Extremism (LWE) by exacerbating grievances and marginalization.

Socio-Economic Measures

• Ensure fair compensation, comprehensive rehabilitation packages, and skill development programs tailored to local needs.
• Implement effective land reforms, generate local employment opportunities, and promote inclusive economic growth.

Governance and Administrative Reforms

• Strengthen Panchayats (Extension to Scheduled Areas) Act (PESA) and Forest Rights Act (FRA) for tribal self-governance and land rights.
• Improve public service delivery, establish robust grievance redressal mechanisms, and foster transparent administration.

Security and Trust-Building Measures

• Adopt community policing, intelligence-led operations, and avoid excessive force to build trust.
• Prioritize dialogue, address root causes, and implement a 'hearts and minds' approach over purely security-centric solutions.

Winning back affected citizens requires an integrated strategy combining inclusive development, good governance, and sensitive security operations to mainstream them.