Q2.In 2012, the longitudinal marking for high-risk areas for piracy was moved from 65 degrees east to 78 degrees east in the Arabian Sea by the International Maritime Organisation. What impact does this have on India’s maritime security concerns?

The International Maritime Organisation's 2012 decision to shift the High-Risk Area (HRA) for piracy from 65°E to 78°E in the Arabian Sea significantly brings the designated threat zone closer to India's west coast and Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ).

Direct Security Implications

• This escalates the operational burden on the Indian Navy and Coast Guard, demanding increased surveillance, patrolling, and anti-piracy operations in a larger area.

Economic and Trade Impact

• Vital shipping lanes, particularly for energy imports, face heightened threats, potentially disrupting India's maritime trade.
• Increased shipping costs and insurance premiums for transiting vessels could impact India's trade competitiveness.

Strategic and Geopolitical Ramifications

• India must enhance maritime domain awareness, inter-agency coordination, and strengthen international cooperation.
• This also offers an opportunity to assert its role as a net security provider in the Indian Ocean Region and bolster blue economy initiatives.

Effectively addressing these challenges necessitates a robust naval presence, diplomatic engagement, and technological advancements to safeguard India's maritime interests.