Q3.How does illegal trans-border migration pose a threat to India’s security? Discuss the strategies to curb this, bringing out the factors which give impetus to such migration

Illegal trans-border migration, unauthorized entry or stay, poses significant threats to India's national security. Driven by socio-economic and political instabilities, it strains resources and challenges internal stability.

Threats posed by illegal trans-border migration

This migration causes demographic shifts, resource strain, and law and order issues like radicalization and communal tensions. It facilitates espionage, terrorism, and cross-border crimes, undermining national sovereignty.

Factors giving impetus to such migration

Key drivers are economic disparity, political instability, and persecution in source countries. Porous borders, difficult terrains, and inadequate infrastructure exacerbate the problem, alongside natural disasters.

Strategies to curb illegal trans-border migration

Strategies include enhanced border fencing, advanced surveillance, and robust intelligence sharing. Diplomatic engagement to address root causes, strengthening legal frameworks, and socio-economic development in border areas are vital.

A comprehensive, multi-pronged approach integrating stringent border management, international cooperation, and addressing push factors is essential to mitigate these security challenges.