Q11.Left-wing extremism (LWE) is showing a downward trend but still affects many parts of the country. Briefly explain the Government of India’s approach to counter the challenges posed by LWE.

Left-Wing Extremism (LWE) shows a downward trend but still affects parts of India. The Government of India adopts a comprehensive, multi-pronged strategy integrating security, development, and governance to counter this challenge.

Security-related Measures

• Enhanced deployment of Central Armed Police Forces (CAPFs) and improved intelligence sharing.
• Modernization of State Police Forces (e.g., MPF scheme) strengthens operational capabilities.

Developmental and Livelihood Measures

• Infrastructure (roads, telecom), education, health, and financial inclusion in LWE areas (e.g., Special Central Assistance).
• Skill development and employment for local youth to integrate them into the mainstream.

Governance and Rights-based Approach

• Effective implementation of PESA and Forest Rights Act (FRA) empowers local communities.
• Improved public service delivery and local administration.
• A Surrender and Rehabilitation Policy encourages LWE cadres to renounce violence.

Coordination and Capacity Building

Training of security forces, technology integration, and strengthening inter-state and Centre-state coordination.

This integrated approach addresses root causes, ensures security, and fosters inclusive growth, aiming for long-term peace and stability in affected regions.