Q20.“Access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy is the sine qua non to achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)”.Comment on the progress made in India in this regard.

Access to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy is fundamental to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), underpinning socio-economic development and environmental sustainability.

India's Progress

India has made significant strides. PM Ujjwala Yojana and Saubhagya have vastly improved access to affordable, reliable clean cooking fuel and household electrification. For sustainable and modern energy, India targets 500 GW non-fossil fuel capacity by 2030, champions the International Solar Alliance, and promotes efficiency via UJALA and FAME India. This progress is crucial for achieving SDGs 1, 3, 4, 5, and 13.

Challenges

However, challenges persist in ensuring last-mile connectivity, managing grid stability with high renewable integration, developing energy storage solutions, and securing financing for a just energy transition.

Sustained focus on efficient, sustainable energy pathways is imperative to meet rising demand and fully realize the SDGs.