Q10.Law and ethics are considered to be the two tools for controlling human conduct so as to make it conducive to civilized social existence. (a) Discuss how they achieve this objective. (b) Giving examples, show how the two differ in their approaches.

Law and ethics are vital tools guiding human conduct towards a civilized social existence, fostering order, justice, and trust.

How Law and Ethics Control Human Conduct

Law provides external, codified rules, state-enforced, setting minimum standards and preventing overt harm via punitive measures. Ethics offers internal, uncodified moral principles, self-imposed or socially reinforced, guiding towards aspirational ideals and character.

Differences in Approach

They differ: law focuses on actions and external compliance, enforced by state penalties. Ethics delves into intent, character, and broader moral duties, relying on conscience and social approval.

Illustrative Examples

For instance, lying under oath is illegal and unethical. A 'white lie' is not illegal, but ethically questionable. Helping an accident victim is an ethical duty, not a legal obligation.

Thus, both are indispensable and complementary for a harmonious and just society.