Q6.Discuss the Namami Gange and National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG) programmes and causes of mixed results from the previous schemes. What quantum leaps can help preserve the river Ganga better than incremental inputs?

The Ganga, India's lifeline, faces severe pollution, necessitating comprehensive rejuvenation efforts like Namami Gange.

Namami Gange is a flagship integrated conservation mission aiming for effective pollution abatement and river rejuvenation. NMCG serves as its implementation arm, a registered society with a two-tier management structure.

• Lack of holistic approach and inadequate infrastructure.
• Poor operation and maintenance, limited public participation.
• Governance issues and inter-agency coordination failures.

• Adopting advanced technologies (real-time monitoring, AI for waste management).
• Decentralized planning, robust enforcement, and economic incentives.
• Fostering community ownership, behavioral change, and a shift to river-basin management.
• Ensuring inter-ministerial convergence and an empowered authority with long-term funding.

Sustainable preservation requires a paradigm shift from incremental inputs to integrated, technology-driven, and community-centric approaches for a truly clean Ganga.