Q19.The concept of cooperative federalism has been increasingly emphasised in recent years. Highlight the drawbacks in the existing structure and the extent to which cooperative federalism would answer the shortcomings.

Cooperative federalism emphasizes collaboration, shared goals, and mutual trust between the Centre and States, working together for national development rather than in competition.

The existing federal structure often exhibits drawbacks like significant fiscal imbalances, political centralization, and persistent inter-state disputes. It can also lead to a lack of policy uniformity and competitive populism among states, hindering holistic national progress.

Cooperative federalism addresses these by fostering consensus-building, enabling joint policy formulation, ensuring more efficient resource allocation, and providing structured mechanisms for dispute resolution. It promotes a shared vision for governance.

Key mechanisms include NITI Aayog, the GST Council, Inter-State Council, and Zonal Councils. This approach promotes better governance outcomes, enhances trust, ensures efficient scheme implementation, and strengthens national integration by aligning state and central priorities.

The extent of its success hinges on sustained political will, equitable resource distribution, and the ability to reconcile diverse state priorities for collective progress and robust national development.