GS 2 · 2015Indian Polity12 Marks

Q17.Khap panchayats have been in the news for functioning as extra-constitutional authorities, often delivering pronouncements amounting to human rights violations. Discuss critically the actions taken by the legislative, executive and judiciary to set things right in this regard.

Directive: Discuss critically12 marks

Introduction

Khap Panchayats operate as extra-constitutional bodies, frequently violating fundamental rights through pronouncements on inter-caste marriages and honour killings.

Body

Judiciary's Response
Landmark Judgments: Shakti Vahini v. Union of India, Lata Singh v. State of UP

The Supreme Court consistently condemned Khap actions, declaring them illegal. Landmark judgments provided guidelines for protection and prosecution.

Legislative Inaction

Legislative efforts are slow. No specific central law exists against Khap Panchayats, though some states have attempted bills, showing fragmented progress.

Executive's Challenges

The executive's role involves police action and administrative measures. However, implementation faces local political pressure, social resistance, and enforcement gaps.

Critical Assessment

Despite judicial directives, ground-level effectiveness is weak. Social acceptance, political patronage, fear, and slow legal processes undermine efforts to curb these parallel systems.

Conclusion

A multi-pronged strategy is vital: comprehensive legislation, robust executive enforcement, continued judicial oversight, and social education to challenge regressive norms.

142 words · target ~150