Q11.What are the main factors responsible for gender inequality in India? Discuss the contribution of Savitribai Phule in this regard.

Gender inequality in India is rooted in socio-cultural norms, economic disparities, and political underrepresentation, manifesting as unequal opportunities and outcomes for women.

• Socio-cultural norms (patriarchy, traditional roles) perpetuate discrimination.
• Economic disparities (wage gap, limited property rights, restricted opportunities).
• Political underrepresentation limits women's voice.
• Unequal access to education, healthcare, and nutrition entrenches this cycle.

Savitribai Phule pioneered women's education, establishing India's first girls' school (1848) and becoming its first female teacher. She campaigned against child marriage and Sati, advocating for widow remarriage. Phule founded 'Balhatya Pratibandhak Griha' to protect pregnant widows. Her work, alongside Jyotirao Phule, was instrumental in challenging both caste and gender discrimination, promoting social reform and empowerment through education.

Savitribai Phule's pioneering efforts laid a crucial foundation for women's empowerment, inspiring continued struggles for a truly equitable society.